To make the cake batter, start by whisking together the flour (or flour and teff flour combination), baking powder, salt, and cinnamon in a small bowl, then set it aside. In the bowl of a stand mixer fitted with a paddle attachment—or in a medium bowl using a sturdy spatula or hand mixer—cream the butter and granulated sugar together until the mixture becomes light and fluffy. Add the eggs one at a time, stopping between each addition to scrape down the sides of the bowl and ensure everything is well blended. With the mixer on low speed, add half of the dry ingredients, followed by the milk and vanilla extract. Then add the remaining dry ingredients, mixing only until everything is just combined. Be careful not to overmix. Once the batter is ready, scrape it gently over the banana layer in the skillet, spreading it evenly. Bake the cake for 30 to 35 minutes, or until the top feels set when pressed lightly in the center and a toothpick inserted comes out mostly clean. Remove the cake from the oven and allow it to rest in the skillet for 10 minutes. Run a knife around the edge of the cake to loosen it from the pan, then carefully invert it onto a serving platter or cooling rack using oven mitts, watching out for any hot caramel drips. If any of the caramel or banana pieces stick to the skillet, simply scoop them out and spoon them back over the top of the warm cake.